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充血性心衰以内环境电解质紊乱和神经激素失调为其特征。心衰患者血钾降低,与交感神经的兴奋和肾素一血管紧张素一醛固酮系统的增强密切相关。在失代偿性心衰患者,血清肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素均增高,而慢性心衰患者仅去甲肾上腺素增高。作者认为,血液中高水平的肾上腺素由于刺激了骨骼肌和肝细胞上的β_2—肾上腺素能受体,
Congestive heart failure with environmental electrolyte imbalance and neurohormonal disorders as its characteristics. Patients with heart failure, serum potassium decreased, and sympathetic excitement and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is closely related. In patients with decompensated heart failure, both serum epinephrine and norepinephrine increased, whereas norepinephrine increased only in patients with chronic heart failure. The authors believe that the high levels of epinephrine in the blood stimulate the beta 2 -adrenergic receptors on skeletal muscle and hepatocytes,