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在饱和碳原子上的亲核取代反应中,离去基团的影响和溶剂、亲核试剂等一样,既可以影响反应速率,也可以决定反应是按单分子历程还是双分子历程进行;而且它的影响还往往和溶剂、试剂等的影响交织在一起,所以有必要加以深入地讨论。一、常见的离去基团及其相对活性常见的离去基团如下表,这里包括着以负离子的形式离去和以中性分子的形式离
In a nucleophilic substitution reaction on a saturated carbon atom, the effect of a leaving group is the same as that of a solvent, a nucleophile, etc., either affecting the reaction rate or determining whether the reaction proceeds as a single or bimolecular reaction; and The effects are also often interwoven with the effects of solvents, reagents, etc., so it is necessary to discuss them in more depth. First, the common leaving group and its relative activity Common leaving groups in the following table, including the departure in the form of negative ions and neutral molecular form