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软基处理包括两种含义:一是指路基,一是指路基下的土基。软土主要由粘土粒及粉粒组成,有时也含有机质。其粘土粒含量较高,有的可达到60～70％,粘土粒的矿物成份为高岭石、蒙特石和水云母等。在粘土粒表面布满着一层很薄的强结合水,这种水极其牢固地结合在粘土表面,其性质接近于固体,密度约为1.2～2.4g/cm~3,具有极大的粘滞度、弹性和抗剪强度。而在强结合水的外围有一层弱结合水形成一层水膜,当土中含有较多弱结合水时,水膜变厚,土呈可塑性,弱结合水膜越厚离土粒表面
Soft ground treatment includes two meanings: one refers to roadbed, one refers to the subgrade under the roadbed. Soft soil is mainly composed of clay particles and particles, sometimes containing organic matter. Its high content of clay particles, and some can reach 60 to 70%, clay mineral particles of kaolinite, montite and water mica. The surface of the clay particles is covered with a thin layer of strongly binding water that is extremely strongly bound to the surface of the clay and has properties close to those of solids with a density of about 1.2-2.4 g / Hysteresis, elasticity and shear strength. In the periphery of strongly bound water, there is a layer of weakly bound water to form a water film. When the soil contains more weakly bound water, the water film becomes thicker and the soil becomes plastic. The weakly bound water film is thicker than the surface of the soil