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目的建立家兔胸部火器伤实验模型，探讨致伤机理及早期死亡原因。方法４８只家兔随机均分为８组，分别用气步枪和小口径步枪致胸壁伤和胸腔伤，并分实验模型组与救治组对比研究。实验中对血压、心率、气道压、血气、胸部Ｘ线等指标进行监测和常规病理检查。结果胸壁伤：模型组中气步枪无死亡，小口径步枪死亡１只，救治组无死亡。胸腔穿透伤：模型组与救治组中气步枪死亡率分别为５０％和１６．７％，小口径步枪分别为８３．３％和５０％。结论（１）按实验参数致伤结果符合量效关系，重复性好，且与人类战时火器伤死亡率近似；（２）发现除心脏、大血管损伤外，肋间动脉出血也是动物早期死亡的重要原因；肺损伤出现早而严重；（３）现场初步救治可提高存活率
Objective To establish an experimental model of firearm injury in rabbits and to explore the mechanism of injury and the causes of early death. Methods Forty-eight rabbits were randomly divided into 8 groups. Air-chest and small-caliber rifles were used to induce thoracic and thoracic injuries. The experimental group and control group were compared. Experiments on blood pressure, heart rate, airway pressure, blood gas, chest X-ray and other indicators for monitoring and routine pathological examination. Results chest wall injury: model group air rifle no death, a small caliber rifle death, the treatment group without death. Thoracic injury: The death rates of air rifles were 50% and 16.7% respectively in the model group and the treatment group, and the small-caliber rifles were 83.3% and 50% respectively. Conclusions (1) According to the experimental parameters, the results of the injury are in accordance with the dose-effect relationship, and the repeatability is good. The death rate of the firearm injury is similar to that of human war wartime. (2) The intercostal bleeding is also caused by the early death Of the important reasons; early and severe lung injury; (3) the initial treatment of the site can improve the survival rate