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目的了解先天性听力损失及眼病在新生儿重症监护室(NICU)的发病情况及可能引发先天性听力损失和眼病的高危因素,探讨NICU听力和眼病同步筛查的模式。方法对2156例NICU新生儿采用瞬态诱发性耳声发射及自动听性脑干反应进行听力初筛及复筛,对复筛未通过者于生后3个月接受听性脑干反应及40Hz听觉相关电位的诊断及听力学评估;在进行听力筛查后用对光刺激反应、外眼检查、瞳孔区红光反射检查及眼底检查,对患儿进行眼病筛查。结果NICU先天性听力损失发病率为1.21%,眼病的发病率为2.04%。结论NICU的新生儿是先天性听力损失和眼病的高危人群,应重视对他们早期筛查,并予跟踪及随访。
Objective To investigate the incidence of congenital hearing loss and eye diseases in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and the risk factors of congenital hearing loss and eye disease, and to explore the patterns of simultaneous screening of hearing and eye diseases in NICU. Methods A total of 2156 NICU newborns with transient evoked otoacoustic emissions and automatic auditory brainstem response hearing screening and re-screening of the re-screening failed to pass 3 months after birth to accept the auditory brainstem response and 40Hz Auditory-related potential diagnosis and audiological assessment; after hearing screening with light stimulation response, the outer eye examination, pupil area red reflex examination and fundus examination, screening of children with eye disease. Results The incidence of congenital hearing loss in NICU was 1.21% and the incidence of eye disease was 2.04%. Conclusion Neonates in NICU are at-risk of congenital hearing loss and eye diseases. Early screening should be paid to them, followed up and followed up.