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在大田及盆栽条件下,研究了覆膜对冬小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)氮磷营养元素的吸收及某些光合特性的影响。结果表明,覆膜增加了植株对氮磷营养元素的吸收量。由于“生长稀释”效应,使整株氮磷含量下降,但提高了叶片氮磷含量,降低了茎、穗及籽粒氮磷含量。覆膜提高了抽穗期之前植株的氮磷累积吸收百分率和吸收强度,但降低了抽穗期以后的氮磷累积吸收百分率和吸收强度。覆膜还提高了越冬前和拔节期以后的叶片叶绿素含量及旗叶的光合强度,但降低了揭膜期叶片叶绿素含量及拔节期活动中心叶的光合强度。盖膜期间植株体内可溶性糖含量显著降低,但在拔节期以后,覆膜可显著提高植株体內可溶性糖含量。
The effects of plastic film mulching on the uptake and some photosynthetic characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were studied under field and potted conditions. The results showed that the plastic film increased nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient uptake by plants. Due to the effect of “growth and dilution”, the contents of nitrogen and phosphorus in the whole plant decreased, but the contents of nitrogen and phosphorus in leaves increased, and the content of nitrogen and phosphorus in stem, ear and grain decreased. The film mulching increased nitrogen and phosphorus cumulative absorption percentage and absorption intensity of the plants before heading, but decreased the cumulative absorption percentage of nitrogen and phosphorus and the absorption intensity after heading. The film also increased leaf chlorophyll content and flag leaf photosynthetic rate before and after jointing stage, but decreased the chlorophyll content and the photosynthetic intensity of the center leaf during jointing stage. The content of soluble sugar in the plant was significantly decreased during the period of capping, but after jointing, the content of soluble sugar in the plant was significantly increased by film mulching.