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In recent years, the incidence of placenta previa has been increasing. According to the literature, it is mainly related to induced labor, artificial abortion, cesarean section, high aging pregnancy, multipara or smoking. The placenta previa is the chief cause of bleeding in late pregnancy and threatens the lives of mother and infant, resulting in a high risk problem in obstetrics.This article studies 322 cases of placenta previa from my hospital and Dalian Obstetrics and Gynecological Hospital from January, 2002 to July, 2009, on the basis of clinicretrospective analysis, in order to deepen our understanding and art of treating placenta previa. The study revealed that: 1. With 322 cases of placenta previa, the incidence was 0.73%. It was higher than the incidence 0.3% reported abroad and lower than the incidence 0.94% reported in our country. The data were from sampling survey and did not prove relations between placenta previa and ages, different from the result obtained abroad in which placenta previa had relation with pregnancy ages. The outcome needs further study. But artificial abortion, induced labor, cesarean section and multipara clearly influence the incidence. The study did not analyze the relation between smoking and placenta previa, but there was extal data proving that smoking was related to placenta previa; 2. Ultrasound-B is a better method for examination at present; 3. In cases of vaginal childbirth there was a higher incidence of lateral placenta previa and partial placenta previa. The conservative temporization and timely cesarean section can greatly decrease the mortality of mother and infant.