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为了研究不同苦瓜品种中多糖和皂苷含量的差异,以41个苦瓜品种为材料,进行了多糖和皂苷含量测定,并对结果进行了聚类分析。结果表明:多糖与皂苷的含量在不同品种间存在显著差异;41个苦瓜品种可聚为7大类群,在7大类群中,类群5(碧丽)为多糖与皂苷含量最高的优选品种,其余各类群多糖含量与皂苷含量的相关性并不显著。同时,又以如玉5号和早碧绿两个主栽品种为材料,进行了最适采摘期的研究。结果表明:多糖含量随着发育时间的延长逐渐增加;而皂苷含量随着发育时间的延长出现升降波动;从供试苦瓜的整体来看,如玉5号和早碧绿两个品种的的最佳采摘期分别在授粉后25和25~30 d。
In order to study the differences of polysaccharides and saponins in different bitter gourd varieties, the content of polysaccharides and saponins in 41 bitter gourd varieties were determined, and the results were clustered. The results showed that the content of polysaccharides and saponins were significantly different among different varieties. The 41 bitter gourd cultivars could be clustered into seven groups. Of the seven major groups, group 5 (Bili) was the best one with the highest content of polysaccharides and saponins. The rest The correlation between polysaccharide content of various groups and saponin content was not significant. In the meantime, the two main cultivars, jade 5 and early green, were used as materials to study the optimum picking period. The results showed that the content of polysaccharides gradually increased with the extension of the development time, while the content of saponin fluctuated with the extension of development time. From the point of view of the tested bitter melon, the best of two varieties, Picking period were 25 and 25 ~ 30 d after pollination.