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自Penrose等(1961)报告两例自发流产儿并发三倍体异常以来,世界各国作了许多例数自发流产和死胎的染色体分析。综合结果认为,约15%妊娠发生自发流产,其中约50%为染色体异常。多数染色体异常胎儿发生自发流产。目前认为约5～8%的妊娠有染色体异常,其中90%以上发生自发流产和死产。据推测人孕卵植入前,约半数有染色体异常。必需指出,整个妊娠期异常染色体胎儿的淘汰是显著的。本文就人群中染色体异常遗传的实情和胎内淘汰模式的最新见解着重加以介绍。
Since Penrose et al. (1961) reported two cases of spontaneous abortion in children with triad abnormalities, many countries in the world made many cases of spontaneous abortion and stillbirth chromosome analysis. The combined results suggest that spontaneous abortion occurs in about 15% of pregnancies, of which about 50% are chromosomal abnormalities. Most chromosomal abnormalities occur in spontaneous abortion. At present, about 5 ~ 8% of pregnancies have chromosomal abnormalities, of which more than 90% spontaneous abortion and stillbirth. It is speculated that human embryo before implantation, about half of chromosomal abnormalities. It must be pointed out that the elimination of abnormal chromosome fetuses throughout the pregnancy is significant. This article focuses on the facts of the inheritance of chromosomal abnormalities in the population and the latest insights into the intrauterine phase-out pattern.