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下斜肌转位术是治疗分离性垂直偏斜（ DVD）的一种有效方法。改良的手术方式不一定优于传统下斜肌转位术。双眼非对称性DVD可采用不等量下斜肌转位，单眼下斜肌转位可治疗单眼DVD，但术后可能出现术眼上转受限，不伴下斜肌亢进的DVD也可采用下斜肌转位术。抑制上转综合征是下斜肌转位术后常见的并发症，双眼手术以及下斜肌新的附着点不超过下直肌止点可能会减少该综合征发生。“,”Anterior transposition of the inferior oblique muscle ( ATIO) is an effective surgical method for treating dissociated vertical deviation(DVD).Improved operation method may not be better than the tradi-tion ATIO surgery.For patients with asymmetric DVD, asymmetric ATIO can be conducted.Monocular ATIO can be used to treat monocular DVD,but the upward movement of the eye may be limited after surgery.The surgery of ATIO can also be performed on patients without inferior oblique overaction .Antielevation syndrome is a common complication of the inferior oblique muscle transposition surgery .Binocular surgery and the new attachment points of inferior oblique muscle that do not exceed the inferior rectus muscle insertion site may reduce the incidence of syndrome.