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为研究煤炭深井开采过程中矿压显现规律及其控制技术,以菏泽井田赵楼煤矿近千米深埋煤层首采区地质条件为依据,通过模拟试验研究了采动影响下煤层及顶底板不同位置的应力变化规律,研究结果表明:(1)随煤层开挖,煤柱应力聚集有一个急剧变化段,煤柱的压力变化同老顶岩层的变形密切相关;(2)采动过程底板的超前影响步距与前方煤柱的超前影响步距大致相当,反映出回采过程两者的压力聚集具有类似的同步性;(3)煤层开挖过程,老顶岩层压力聚集变化特征点与老顶层位整体垮塌的开挖步距相对应,这一关系特点与开切眼煤柱极为相似,一定程度上反映了老顶变形对冲击地压形成的重要意义。
In order to study the rule of mine pressure and its control technology during the process of deep mining in coal mine, based on the geological conditions of the first mining area in Zhaolou Coal Mine, Heze Minefield, the coal mining area and roof and floor under the influence of mining are studied. The results show that: (1) With the coal seam excavation, there is a sharp change in the stress concentration of the coal pillar, and the pressure variation of the coal pillar is closely related to the deformation of the top rock; (2) The advance impact step distance is roughly equal to the advance influence step of the coal pillar in the front, which shows that the pressure accumulation in the process of mining has similar synchronization. (3) During the process of coal seam excavation, Bit overall collapse of the corresponding pace of excavation, the characteristics of this relationship with the open cut coal pillars are very similar, to some extent, reflects the deformation of the roof of the impact of the formation of ground pressure significance.