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目的了解中山市幼托儿童传染病发病情况,为制定科学有效的防控措施提供依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法,对2008-2011年中山市幼托儿童传染病发病情况进行分析。结果 2008-2011年中山市共报告幼托儿童传染病21种共13 750例,平均发病率为36.98‰(13 750/371 818),无死亡病例。报告病例数较多的病种是手足口病(n=9 085)、水痘(n=1 862)、流行性腮腺炎(n=1 491)和其他感染性腹泻(n=742)。性别分布显示男性发病率为47.19‰,高于女性的26.83‰,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。病例报告主要集中在4-7月和9-12月,分别占报告病例总数的54.92%和31.26%。小榄镇报告病例数最多(占18.23%),其次分别是三乡镇、古镇镇和东凤镇。结论手足口病、水痘、流行性腮腺炎和其他感染性腹泻是2008-2011年中山市幼托儿童的主要传染病,是今后幼托儿童传染病防治工作的重点。
Objective To understand the prevalence of infectious diseases among preschool children in Zhongshan City and provide the basis for establishing scientific and effective prevention and control measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the incidence of infectious diseases among preschool children in Zhongshan City from 2008 to 2011. Results A total of 13 750 cases were reported from 2009 to 2011 in Zhongshan City, with an average incidence rate of 36.98% (13 750/371 818). There were no deaths. Foot and mouth disease (n = 9 085), chickenpox (n = 1 862), mumps (n = 1 491) and other infectious diarrhea (n = 742) were the more frequent cases reported. The gender distribution showed that the incidence of males was 47.19 ‰, which was higher than that of females (26.83 ‰), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). Case reports mainly concentrated in April-July and September-December, accounting for 54.92% and 31.26% of the total reported cases respectively. Xiaolan reported the largest number of cases (18.23%), followed by Sanxiang, Guzhen and Dongfeng Towns. Conclusion Hand, foot and mouth disease, chickenpox, mumps and other infectious diarrhea are the major infectious diseases of children with kindergarten in Zhongshan in 2008-2011 and are the focus of prevention and treatment of infectious diseases in children with kindergarten.