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大牛地气田储层具有低孔、低渗、非均质性强的特点,而且地表又为沙漠、半沙漠环境,煤层发育,煤层屏蔽现象严重,从而造成地震资料信噪比低、砂体的地震响应特征不明显,加大了储层预测的难度。因此,在该区采用了拓频处理技术进行地震资料处理。本文从拓频处理技术的原理入手,分析了拓频处理的特点,简要介绍了拓频处理流程中两个重要参数的选取,并通过在大牛地气田的实际应用,得到了明显效果,主要体现在:①主频提高、频带拓宽;②地震反射层位的地质意义更明确、地震信息更加丰富;③使合成记录与地震资料吻合率更高;④反映地震属性更精细。应用结果表明,该方法可以更好地为薄互储层反演、气藏描述提供可靠的基础资料。但建议该方法尽可能在信噪比高的地区使用,在大牛地气田,该方法更适合应用于山西组、太原组,对下石盒子组不大适用。
The Daniudi gas field has the features of low porosity, low permeability and high heterogeneity, and the surface is desert and semi-desert environment. The coal seam is developed and the coal seam shielding phenomenon is serious, resulting in low signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data, The seismic response characteristics are not obvious, which increases the difficulty of reservoir prediction. Therefore, seismic processing is carried out in this area by using the frequency-broadening processing technology. This paper starts with the principle of high-frequency processing technology, analyzes the characteristics of high-frequency processing, briefly introduces the selection of two important parameters in the process of high-frequency processing, and obtains the obvious effect through the practical application in Daniudi gas field. Reflected in: ① frequency increased, the broadening of the band; ② seismic reflection of the geological significance of the more clear, more abundant seismic information; ③ composite records and seismic data higher coincidence rate; ④ reflect the seismic attributes more sophisticated. The application results show that this method can provide reliable basic data for the inversion of thin inter-reservoir and gas reservoir description. However, it is suggested that this method should be used in areas with high signal-to-noise ratio as much as possible. In Daniudi gas field, this method is more suitable for Shanxi and Taiyuan formations and is not suitable for Xiaoshitangzi Formation.