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通过整体水工模型试验,以流态和动水压力为指标,对某高拱坝水垫塘体型的合理性进行了论证。结果表明,射流水舌在水垫塘内落点集中,加之水垫厚度不足,底板局部冲击压力和脉动压力过大;水垫塘长度不足,水流在塘内无法形成完整水跃,直接冲击翻越二道坝。为此,提出水垫塘体型优化方案,优化后水垫塘内流态明显改善,底板动水压力显著降低且分布均匀,可见优化后的水垫塘体型趋于合理,可直接指导工程设计。
Through the overall hydraulic model test, taking the flow regime and hydrodynamic pressure as an index, the rationality of the body shape of a high arch dam plunge pool is demonstrated. The results show that the jets of jet water are concentrated in the plunge pool, and the thickness of the plunge is insufficient, the local impact pressure and pulsating pressure of the base plate are too large. The length of the plunge pool is insufficient and the water flow can not form a complete water jump in the pond. dam. Therefore, the optimization plan of water cushion pond was proposed, the flow pattern in the water cushion pond was improved obviously, the hydrodynamic pressure of the bottom plate was significantly reduced and distributed evenly, which shows that the optimized water cushion pond tends to be reasonable in body shape and can directly guide the engineering design.