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91年6期的《汉语学习》有杨成凯同志一篇文章“动词作主宾语是汉语的语法特点吗?”文章的主要意思是这不是汉语的语法特点,因为英语的动词也可以作主宾语。 “动词作主宾语”这句话用在汉语语法上是对的,但是若要把它作为一个特点区别于其它语言,比如英语,就得多说两句:汉语动词作主宾语和它作谓语可以采取同一形式(其实这就是说“动词作主宾语”这句话的人的意思)。换句话说,汉语动词不像英语动词,有所谓限定形式和非限定形式。限定形式能作谓语,而要作主宾语则必须是非限定形式或分词(participle)。汉语语法是最不“形式主义”的。同样一个词可以到处运用,在形式上不必变来变去:
In the 9th issue of “Chinese Learning” in 2009, there is an article by Yang Chengkai that “the verb-objecting object is the grammatical feature of Chinese?” The main point of the article is that this is not a grammatical feature of Chinese because the English verb can also be the subject of choice. The phrase “verb as the subject” is syntactically correct in Chinese, but if it is to be distinguished as a feature from other languages, such as English, it is necessary to say two more sentences: the Chinese verb as the subject and the predicate Can take the same form (in fact, this is the meaning of “verb as the object object” of the phrase). In other words, Chinese verbs, unlike English verbs, have so-called limited forms and unqualified forms. Qualified forms can be used as predicates, but subject objects must be unqualified or participle. Chinese grammar is the least “formalist”. The same word can be used everywhere, in the form do not have to change to: