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作为儿童疾病的水痘,由varicella-zoster virus(VZV)引起的初次感染可终身免疫。该病毒在脊髓神经节及其他组织内存在,以混合的去氧核糖核酸形式存在细胞内,而不是病毒颗粒,精神紧张,外伤,消耗性疾病,免疫抑制治疗或由于对VZV生理性免疫机能减弱均可引起发病。典型情况多发生在45岁以后。病毒沿神经纤维扩散,在所属皮肤区域形成典型的疱疹和神经痛。根据所侵犯的区域将颅内神经疱疹分为5种形式:1.面型,由Gasseri神经节发出,侵袭一或多个三义神经分支。2.咽型,由舌咽神经节发出,侵犯软腭扁桃体以及舌粘膜的后外部。3.喉型,由迷走神经发出,侵犯会厌披裂、会厌披裂皱襞、喉返神经及舌根。4.耳带状疱疹(Ramsay-Hunt症候群),由膝状神经节发出,60～90％侵犯面神经,40％侵犯耳蜗及前庭神经节,如涉及听功能2/3患者预后差。5.枕颈型,侵犯枕及颈部。治疗:为消炎,抗神经痛及抗感染。局部
As a chicken’s disease of childhood disease, the first infection caused by varicella-zoster virus (VZV) can be lifelongly immunized. The virus is present in the spinal ganglia and other tissues and exists in the form of mixed DNA as intracellular rather than viral particles, stress, trauma, wasting disease, immunosuppressive therapy or due to weakened physiological immunity to VZV Can cause disease. The typical case occurs after the age of 45. The virus spreads along the nerve fibers, forming typical herpes and neuralgia in the area of the skin to which it belongs. According to the infringing area, intracranial herpes zoster can be divided into five forms: 1. The surface type, issued by the Gasseri ganglion, invades one or more branches of the trigeminal nerve. 2. Pharyngeal type, issued by the glossopharyngeal ganglia, inflamed soft palate tonsils and tongue mucosa after the external. 3. Throat type, issued by the vagus nerve, violations of the epiphyseal fissure, epiglottis fissures 襞, recurrent laryngeal nerve and tongue base. 4. Herpes zoster (Ramsay-Hunt syndrome), issued by the geniculate ganglia, 60-90% of violations of the facial nerve, 40% of violations of the cochlea and vestibular ganglion, such as involving 2/3 of patients with poor prognosis. Occipital neck type, violation of pillow and neck. Treatment: anti-inflammatory, anti-neuralgia and anti-infection. Partial