论文部分内容阅读
沙蒿木蠹蛾Holcocerus artemisiae Chou et Hua是危害油蒿Artemisia ordosica Krasch和籽蒿A.sphaerocephalaKrasch的重要钻蛀性害虫,以幼虫蛀食根部,导致寄主植物长势衰弱甚至死亡。为有效控制其危害,我们对该虫形态和生物学特征结合野外调查和室内饲养观察进行了研究。结果表明:在宁夏,该虫2年发生1代,以幼虫在被害油蒿根部越冬;老熟幼虫于5月中旬从受害根部钻出,在周围的沙土里结茧化蛹,蛹期平均19.5±3.5d;成虫始见于6月初,终见于8月末,期间经历3次羽化高峰,分别为6,7,8月的上旬。成虫羽化主要在14:00-17:00,整个过程持续30～45min;羽化当日即可交配,交配时间为20:00-21:00,高峰期为20:30左右;雄虫有2次交尾现象。雄虫寿命2～3d,雌虫寿命1～3d,极少4d。雌雄性比约为1∶2.16。卵初见于6月中旬,初孵幼虫初见于6月下旬。幼虫常单独危害,且具有转移危害的习性,蛀食坑道不规则。5-9月,油蒿受害率为11%～44%,平均24%,株虫口密度为0.13头/株。幼虫对油蒿的树龄和地径有较明显的选择性,主要危害1～4年生、地径16～34mm的油蒿。沙蒿木蠹蛾生物学特征的系统研究为其控制措施的制定提供了科学依据。
Holcocerus artemisiae Chou et Hua is an important pest infesting pest insects Artemisia ordosica Krasch and A.sphaerocephala Krasch, with larvae eaten root, causing the host plant to grow weak or even died. In order to effectively control its harm, we studied the morphological and biological characteristics of the pest in combination with the field investigation and indoor feeding observation. The results showed that in Ningxia, the pest occurred in the 2nd generation in two years and larvae overwintered at the root of Artemisia ordosica. The mature larvae drilled from the root of the victim in mid-May and cocoon pupation in the surrounding sand. The average pupal period was 19.5 ± 3.5d. Adults began to be found in early June and finally reached the end of August. During the first three feathers peaked, they were early June, July and August respectively. The adult emergence mainly in 14: 00-17: 00, the entire process lasts 30 ~ 45min; mating day can be mating, mating time is 20: 00-21: 00, the peak is about 20:30; the male has 2 mating phenomenon. Male life 2 ~ 3d, female life of 1 ~ 3d, rarely 4d. Male to female ratio is about 1: 2.16. Eggs first seen in mid-June, newly hatched larvae first seen in late June. Larvae are often endangered, and have the habit of transferring hazards, irregular tunneling. From May to September, the damage rate of Artemisia ordosica was 11% ~ 44% with an average of 24%. The population density was 0.13 head / plant. Larvae of Artemisia ordosica tree age and land diameter have obvious selectivity, the main harm to 1 to 4 years, diameter 16 ~ 34mm Artemisia. Systematic studies on the biological characteristics of C. viscosus provide a scientific basis for the establishment of its control measures.