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针对差分进化算法运用于换热网络优化时后期搜索效率低,容易出现早熟收敛而陷入局部最优的不足,以变量方差为种群多样性定量评价指标。分析了差分进化算法的控制参数对种群多样性的影响及种群多样性与算法寻优能力之间的关系,在此基础上建立缩放因子自适应调整和种群动态更新策略的改进差分进化算法并应用于两个换热网络实例,优化参数以年综合费用为目标,结果分别为5 606 985和2 928 032$/a,较改进前分别减少19 089和18 042$/a。改进后的差分进化算法能够在进化过程中提升种群多样性,增强算法搜索能力,抑制算法早熟收敛。
In view of the low efficiency of differential evolution algorithm applied in the heat exchanger network optimization, the search efficiency is low, premature convergence is easily occurred and falls into the local optimum. The variance of the variables is used as a quantitative index to evaluate the population diversity. The influence of the control parameters of the differential evolution algorithm on the population diversity and the relationship between the population diversity and the algorithm optimization ability are analyzed. Based on the above, the improved differential evolution algorithm with adaptive scaling factor and population dynamic update strategy is established and applied For the two heat exchange network examples, the optimization parameters are calculated on the basis of the annual comprehensive cost. The results are respectively 5 606 985 and 2928 032 $ / a, decreasing by 19 089 and 18 042 $ / a respectively. The improved differential evolution algorithm can improve the diversity of population, enhance the search ability of algorithm and restrain the premature convergence of algorithm.