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神经元电极与神经组织的物理化学性能之间存在着很大的差异,目前常采用优化电极表面性质的方法来改善神经元电极的长期稳定性。本文从神经元电极表面修饰的角度出发,首先介绍了神经元电极发展过程中在生物相容性、信号灵敏性、力学匹配性以及长期稳定性等方面遇到的困难,并总结了导电聚合物和碳纳米管这两种材料单独修饰以及协同修饰神经元电极在改善电极性能研究中取得的进展。最后指出神经元电极表面修饰及其功能化的未来发展趋势,包括生物分子的掺杂对修饰涂层的机械性能和表面形貌特征的调整,修饰涂层与电极基材之间的附着,以及涂层长期生物相容性的评价方法。
There is a great difference between the neurophysiological properties of neurons and nerve tissues. At present, the optimization of the surface properties of electrodes is often used to improve the long-term stability of neurons. In this paper, from the perspective of neuronal electrode surface modification, the difficulties encountered in neurocompatibility, signal sensitivity, mechanical compatibility and long-term stability were introduced firstly. The effects of conductive polymer And carbon nanotubes alone modified and co-modified neuronal electrodes in improving the performance of the electrode in the progress made. Finally, the future development of neuronal electrode surface modification and its functionalization are pointed out. These include the modification of the mechanical properties and surface topography of the modified coating by the doping of biomolecules, the adhesion between the modified coating and the electrode substrate, and Coating long-term biocompatibility evaluation method.