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目的了解该地区居民的健康状况和主要疾病死亡原因,为政府部门制定卫生规划和疾病预防控制策略提供科学依据。方法按ICD-10对2005年玉屏县居民死因监测资料进行分类,计算并分析死亡率、主要疾病死因顺位及构成比、各种死亡疾病的潜在寿命损失年(PYLL)、PYLL率等指标。结果 2005年玉屏县死亡937人,标化死亡率为560.7/10万,主要死因疾病除内分泌、营养和代谢的其他疾病外,死亡率男性均高于女性;居民前5位死因为循环系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病、损伤和中毒外部原因、恶性肿瘤、消化系统疾病,标化死亡率分别为158.1/10万、90.2/10万、78.8/10万、63.7/10万及44.0/10万。减寿分析表明,全人群的前5位减寿死因是损伤和中毒外部原因、循环系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病、起源于围生期的某些情况和肿瘤,前5位主要死因的PYLL率分别为24.3‰、23.3‰、15.1‰、15.0‰、12.2‰,这5种疾病的PYLL构成占全死因PYLL的78.0%。结论慢性非传染性疾病及伤害已经成为严重威胁玉屏县居民健康和生命安全的公共卫生问题和社会问题。应结合当地的实际,有针对性地根据不同年龄,不同性别,不同死亡原因,从政府行为及个人行为两方面入手,大力开展健康教育和健康促进工作,以减少疾病和意外的发生。
Objective To understand the health status of residents and the causes of death of major diseases in this area and provide scientific basis for government departments to formulate health plans and disease prevention and control strategies. Methods According to ICD-10, the data of the causes of death caused by inhabitants in 2005 in Yuping County were classified. The mortality, the rank and proportion of the causes of major diseases, the potential years of life lost (PYLL) and the PYLL rate of various death diseases were calculated and analyzed. Results In 2005, there were 937 deaths in Yuping County, with a standardized death rate of 560.7 / 100 000. Mortality rates were higher in males than in females in other major diseases except endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases. Among the top 5 deaths among residents, circulatory diseases , Respiratory diseases, external causes of injury and poisoning, malignant tumors, digestive diseases and standardized mortality rates were 158.1 / 100,000, 90.2 / 100,000, 78.8 / 100,000, 63.7 / 100,000 and 44.0 / 100,000, respectively. Lifespan analysis showed that the first five death causes of the whole population were external causes of injury and poisoning, circulatory system diseases, respiratory diseases, some cases of perinatal origin and tumors, and PYLL rates of the top 5 major causes of death Were 24.3 ‰, 23.3 ‰, 15.1 ‰, 15.0 ‰ and 12.2 ‰, respectively. The PYLL of these 5 diseases accounted for 78.0% of all-cause PYLL. Conclusion Chronic non-communicable diseases and injuries have become public health problems and social problems that threaten the health and life safety of residents in Yuping County. In light of the actual situation in the local area and targetedly, according to different age, gender and cause of death, we should vigorously carry out health education and health promotion activities in order to reduce the incidence of diseases and accidents from both the government behaviors and individual behaviors.