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土地整理导致土壤肥力及生产力降低,施用有机肥是培肥土壤的有效措施,然而不同类型有机肥对土壤培肥效果存在差异。本文通过田间试验研究了不同有机肥处理烤烟生长发育、生物量、养分吸收及烤烟收获后土壤养分状况,结果表明:对比不施肥(T1),菜枯饼肥+化肥(T3)、紫云英+化肥(T5)在第20 d的烤烟株高分别显著(P<0.05)高19.73%和21.77%,在30 d的叶片数均显著(P<0.05)多14.55%;油菜秸秆+化肥(T4)在第30和60 d的叶片数显著(P<0.05)多18.18%和24.16%,株高分别显著(P<0.05)高19.73%和55.12%。油菜秸秆和紫云英对烟叶和生物产量有显著(P<0.05)增产作用,油菜秸秆对烤烟秸秆具有减产的作用。三种有机肥均能促进烟叶吸P,茎杆吸P和K;油菜秸秆能促进烟叶吸N,显著(P<0.05)提高土壤速效磷和碱解氮含量;紫云英能促进烟叶吸N、K;菜枯饼肥能显著(P<0.05)提高土壤碱解氮含量。表明油菜秸秆较菜枯饼肥和紫云英更有利于促进烤烟生长发育,提烤烟的产量,改良土壤性状。
Land consolidation led to lower soil fertility and productivity, and the application of organic fertilizer was an effective measure to fertilize the soil. However, the effect of different types of organic fertilizers on soil fertility was different. In this paper, field experiments were conducted to study the growth and development, biomass, nutrient uptake and soil nutrient status of flue-cured tobacco treated with different organic fertilizers. The results showed that: compared with no fertilization (T1), vegetable dry matter cake fertilizer + T3, The height of flue-cured tobacco (T5) was 19.73% and 21.77% higher on the 20th day than that on the 20th day, and 14.55% more on the 30th day (P <0.05) The number of leaves was significantly higher (18.18% and 24.16%) at the 30th and 60th days than that of the control (P <0.05), and the plant height was significantly higher (19.73% and 55.12%) than that of the control (P <0.05). Rape straw and Astragalus sinicus had significant (P <0.05) stimulation effect on tobacco leaf and biomass, while rape straw had the effect of reducing yield on tobacco straw. All three organic fertilizers could promote the leaf uptake of P and the absorption of P and K by the stems. The rape straw could promote the N uptake of tobacco, significantly (P <0.05) increase the contents of available P and available N, , K; Kupffer fertilizer can significantly (P <0.05) increase soil alkaline nitrogen content. The results showed that the rapeseed straw was more conducive to promoting the growth and development of flue-cured tobacco, raising the yield of flue-cured tobacco and improving the soil properties than that of the vegetable dry seed cake and the milkvetch.