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在不同加载方式的三轴实验中,观测了济南辉长岩和北京昌平花岗岩的声发射(围压达1.3千巴).当最大主应力增加使岩样破坏时(A 型),平均声发射率逐渐增加,离破裂强度约几百巴时声发射急剧增多.而当岩石处于一定的高应力状态,通过减小围压使岩样破坏时(B 型),声发射的急剧增加仅出现在离破裂差应力20—30巴的情况下,而且这种破裂过程声发射总数只有 A 型的1/3左右.在 B 型加载情况下,从应力场的球张量部分(流体静压力)来看,是一个卸载过程,而从偏张量部分来看,是一个加载过程.这种卸载过程的存在很可能是造成声发射不同特征的主要原因.
In the three-axis experiment with different loading methods, the acoustic emission from the gabbro in Jinan and Changping granite in Beijing (with a confining pressure of 1.3 kPa) was observed. When the maximum principal stress increased to destroy the rock specimen (type A), the average acoustic emission The rate of acoustic emission increased sharply from about 100 bar rupture strength, whereas when the rock was in a state of high stress and the rock mass was destroyed by reducing the confining pressure (type B), the sharp increase of acoustic emission appeared only in In the case of a B-type load, from the tensor part of the stress field (hydrostatic pressure), in the case of a break stress of 20-30 bar, the total number of acoustic emissions in this rupture process is only about 1/3 of the A type Seeing is a process of unloading, and in the case of partial tensions it is a loading process that is likely to be the main cause of the different characteristics of acoustic emissions.