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本文阐述了坝工静力模型试验中的三种模型——常规模型、混合模型和地力学模型——的特点、应用范围及相互关系。指出它们从不同侧面论证坝体-地基系统的强度和稳定,它们相互补充而不能相互取代。文章还着重分析地力学模型中“全相似”准则的运用及模型材料单块变模同组合变模间的关系。系统地介绍了意大利“结构和模型试验研究所”(ISMES)地力学模型试验程序,并提出自已的看法。
This paper expounds the characteristics, application scope and mutual relations of the three models in the dam mechanics static model test: conventional model, hybrid model and geomechanical model. It is pointed out that they demonstrate the strength and stability of the dam-foundation system from different perspectives. They complement each other and cannot replace each other. The article also emphatically analyzes the application of the “all-like” criterion in geomechanics models and the relationship between the monolithic model of a model material and the modular model. A systematic introduction of the Italian Institute of Structural and Model Tests (ISMES) geomechanical model test procedures and their own opinions are presented.