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作为现代心理学的创始人,弗洛伊德在其后期论著中讨论了个体与文明之间的关系,即“本能的要求与文明的限制之间不可弥合的对抗”犤1犦。美国著名文学与社会批评家莱昂内尔·特里林在吸收弗洛伊德文明观合理内容的基础上,既承认了文明对个体的限制作用,又提出了个体可以超越文明
As the founder of modern psychology, Freud discusses in his later treatises the relationship between individual and civilization, namely “the irreconcilable confrontation between the instinctive requirements and the limitations of civilization”. On the basis of absorbing the reasonable content of Freudian civilization, the famous American literature and social critic Lionel Trilling not only recognized the restrictive function of civilization to individuals, but also proposed that individuals can surpass civilization