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采用移动热源模拟激光光束移动,结合生死单元技术,分别建立多个不同形状的成形件有限元模型,采用热-结构间接耦合的方法,分别进行热弹塑性有限元分析。分析结果表明:SLM成形过程中,在激光扫掠位置温度最高,并形成熔池,熔池深度保证其能形成良好的冶金结合;SLM成形过程中存在循环加热的过程,该过程有助于降低残余应力;成形件最终残余应力和变形分布与实验结果相符,且未发生大变形和开裂。
A moving heat source was used to simulate the movement of the laser beam. Based on the technology of life and death element, several finite element models of forming parts with different shapes were established respectively. Thermo-elasto-plastic finite element analysis was carried out by using thermo-structure indirect coupling method. The results show that during the SLM forming process, the temperature is the highest in the laser swept position and a molten pool is formed, and the depth of the molten pool ensures that it can form a good metallurgical bond. During SLM forming, there is a cyclic heating process, which helps to reduce Residual stress; The final residual stress and deformation distribution of forming parts are consistent with the experimental results, and no big deformation and cracking occurred.