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公共牧场的承载力是恒定的,牛总数的增加会使平均草量减少,从而导致整个牧场的单位效益下降,但是对于单个牧民来说,增加牛的数量则能够增加自身收益。如果每个牧民都只看到自身利益而不断地增加牛的数量,最终会使整个牧场面临生存危机。这就是美国生物学家哈丁教授有名的“公有地悲剧”理论。由此,笔者想到领导机关抓基层。对于整个社会系统来说,基层是一块“公有地”。这块“公有
The capacity of public ranches is constant, and the increase in the total number of cattle leads to a reduction in average grasses, resulting in a reduction in unit benefits across the range, but increasing the number of cattle for individual herdsmen increases their returns. If every herder only see their own interests and continue to increase the number of cattle, eventually ran the entire ranch facing a crisis of survival. This is the famous ”tragedy of the public land“ theory by Professor Harding, a biologist in the United States. As a result, I think of the leadership organs grass-roots level. For the entire social system, the grassroots is a ”public land.“ This piece of ”public