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现在,铸造工厂存在着环境恶化,工业废弃物多,用于环保的设备及其运行费用高,作业条件恶劣,青年工人来源短缺等问题。冷冻铸型铸造法是一种造型新方法,只用石英砂和水制作铸型,让其在冷凝室中冻结成型。其优点有:浇注后铸型自然溃散,落砂容易;型砂不用像以往的砂铸型一样进行再生处理;环保设备投资少;作业环境得到改善。然而至今,有关负压冷冻铸型铸造法的铸型及铸件特性的详细报道尚少,技术上有诸多不明之处。研究将铸造铝合金,铸铁(灰铁,球铁),铸钢等金属液浇入各种状态的负压冷冻铸型中,测量金属液流动状态,温度及铸型的气压特性,对方法进行评价。结果表明,负压冷冻铸型的特性与传统的砂铸型没有太大的差异,但在金属液流动及铸型排气方面见优,有望适用于各类铸件的生产。
There are problems in foundry factories such as deteriorating environment, industrial waste, equipment used for environmental protection, high operating costs, poor working conditions and a shortage of young workers. Frozen mold casting method is a new modeling method, only quartz sand and water to make the mold, let it freeze in the condensation chamber. The advantages are: casting natural collapse of the mold, falling sand easy; sand does not like the previous sand mold as the same regeneration; less investment in environmental protection equipment; operating environment has been improved. However, up to now, there are still few reports on the characteristics of castings and castings of the negative pressure frozen casting method. There are many technical problems. The study cast the cast aluminum alloy, cast iron (gray iron, ductile iron), cast steel and other metal liquid into various conditions of the negative pressure frozen mold, measuring the flow state of molten metal, temperature and pressure characteristics of the mold, the method Evaluation. The results show that the characteristics of the negative pressure frozen mold and the traditional sand mold is not much difference, but in the flow of molten metal and mold exhaust excellent, is expected to apply to the production of various types of castings.