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以“一五”计划为中心的第一次西部开发1952年起,中国开始拟定第一个五年计划。当时,朝鲜战争尚未结束,台湾蒋介石当局不断地骚扰沿海,东部沿海地区的安全仍然没有得到可靠保障。另一方面,旧中国百年半殖民地半封建历史给新中国遗留下了沿海和内地极不平衡的经济布局。据1952年统计,沿海七省三市(即粤、闽、浙、苏、鲁、冀、辽七省和沪、津、京三市)的工业总产值,约占全国的73%。重工业中钢铁工业80%以上的生产能力在沿海地区,而资源丰富的内蒙古、西北、西南、中南地区几乎没有什么钢铁工业。轻工业中纺织工业80%的纱锭和90%的织布机分布在沿海,内地广大产棉区的纺织工业却很少。其他工业的分布情况,也大多如此。
The First Western Development Centering on the “Five-Year Plan” Since 1952, China has started to draw up its first five-year plan. At that time, the Korean war was not over yet. Taiwan’s Chiang Kai-shek authorities continue to harass the coasts and the security in the eastern coastal areas is still not guaranteed. On the other hand, the history of the semi-colonial and semi-feudal monarchy of old China left behind the extremely unbalanced economic layout of the coastal areas and the interior of China to New China. According to the statistics of 1952, the gross industrial output value of the three coastal provinces, namely the three cities of Guangdong, Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Shandong, Hebei and Liaoning provinces and the three cities of Shanghai, Tianjin and Beijing, accounts for about 73% of the national total. More than 80% of the steel industry in heavy industry has production capacity in the coastal areas, while there is almost no steel industry in the resource-rich Inner Mongolia, northwest, southwest and south-central regions. In the light industry, 80% of the spindles in the textile industry and 90% of the looms are distributed in the coastal areas. However, the textile industry in the vast cotton-producing areas in the Mainland is rare. The distribution of other industries, but also most of the case.