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混凝土可以看作是由固相、液相和气相组成的一种非匀质的、非密实的、各向异性的,并随时间、温度、湿度及受力状态的影响而在不断演变着的弹—粘—塑性混合物。它至少有九种成分构成,即粗集料、细集料、未水化水泥颗粒、氢氧化钙及其它结晶颗粒、水泥凝胶,凝胶孔隙、毛细孔隙、大气孔和空隙水。它的各种性能,包括强度、弹性模量、抗渗、抗冻、耐磨、干缩、湿胀等,不但决定于各成分的性质,而且还决定于各成分的比例以及组成的结构状态。
Concrete can be regarded as an inhomogeneous, non-dense, anisotropic composition consisting of a solid phase, a liquid phase, and a gas phase, and it is constantly evolving with time, temperature, humidity, and stress conditions. Elastic-viscous-plastic mixture. It consists of at least nine components, namely coarse aggregates, fine aggregates, unhydrated cement particles, calcium hydroxide and other crystalline particles, cement gels, gel pores, capillary pores, atmospheric pores, and interstitial water. Its various properties, including strength, elastic modulus, impermeability, frost resistance, abrasion resistance, shrinkage, and swelling, are determined not only by the nature of the components, but also by the ratio of the constituents and the structural state of the constituents. .