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建立社会主义市场经济,一个敏感的话题是如何看待公有制经济。公有制能否与市场对接?如何对接?公有制是否就是全民所有制或国有制?公有制在实现形式上允许不允许多种选择?诸如此类的问题不解决,社会主义市场经济的建立就难以真正到位。改革的现实呼唤着又一场思想解放。事实上,我国经济理论界已经在积极地探索这些问题,各地也在实践中,摸索解决的办法。好在我们今天在思想解放的道路上已经没有那么大的障碍。哲学上,“实践是检验真理的唯一标准”,这个问题已经解决。在经济决策方面,小平同志又提出了生产力标准和三个“有利于”。这篇文章从实践的角度对上述问题进行了初步探讨。它给我们最大的启示是,要真正建立社会主义市场经济,必须按照实事求是的原则,进一步解放思想,认真解决产权领域里阻碍生产力发展的矛盾。
To establish a socialist market economy, a sensitive topic is how to look at the public economy. Can public ownership connect with the market? How can it be docked? Is public ownership the system of ownership by the whole people or state ownership? Public ownership is not allowed to allow multiple choices in the form of implementation. If such problems are not resolved, the establishment of a socialist market economy will be difficult to really put in place. The reality of reform calls for another ideological emancipation. In fact, our country’s economic and theoretical circles have been actively exploring these issues, and all localities are also practicing and finding solutions. Fortunately, today we have not had such a big obstacle on the road to emancipation. Philosophically, “practice is the sole criterion for testing truth.” This problem has been solved. In terms of economic decision-making, Comrade Xiaoping again proposed productivity standards and three “benefits.” This article discusses the above issues from the perspective of practice. The greatest revelation it has given us is that in order to truly establish a socialist market economy, we must follow the principle of seeking truth from facts, further emancipate the mind, and seriously solve the contradictions that hinder the development of productive forces in the property rights field.