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几十年来,除了各种新牌号的高速钢和硬质合金外,还出现了一系列新型工具材料和涂层。目前,机床的价值达5万至10万美元,而其生产率则取决于成本仅为5美元的刀片,刀具材料的正确选择具有特别的意义。创造新型工具材料的基本目的在于提高切削速度。进给量和切削深度与零件的几何形状、被加工表面粗糙度和机床—夹具—刀具—工件系统的刚性有关。因此,提高切削速度是提高加工生产率的唯一可能途径。
For decades, in addition to a variety of new grades of high-speed steels and cemented carbides, a series of new tool materials and coatings appeared. Currently, the value of a machine tool is between $ 50,000 and $ 100,000, and its productivity depends on a blade that costs only $ 5. The right choice of tool material is of special importance. The basic purpose of creating new tool materials is to increase the cutting speed. The feed and depth of cut are related to the geometry of the part, the machined surface roughness and the rigidity of the machine-tool-tool-workpiece system. Therefore, increasing the cutting speed is the only way to increase the productivity of the process.