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采用有限元数值模拟方法,研究了矩形断面铜包铝复合铸坯轧制成形铜包铝扁排时的金属变形和流动规律,以及工艺参数对宽展率和铜层厚度比的影响。结果表明,变形区宽面铜层在压下方向主要为压应力状态,而在轧制方向主要为拉应力状态。变形区窄面铜层在压下方向主要为压应力状态,但存在局部拉应力区,在轧制方向主要为拉应力状态。窄面铜层的双向拉应力是导致该位置易发生开裂的主要原因。在所研究的轧制工艺参数中,单道次相对压下率对轧制宽展率和铜层厚度比的影响最大,而采用较大的轧辊直径不仅可以获得较大宽展,而且对铜层厚度比的影响较小,因而铜包铝复合棒坯轧制时,宜采用较大的轧辊直径,并合理控制轧制的道次压下率。通过实验验证,数值模拟的计算精度可满足工程要求。
Using finite element method, the deformation and flow of metal in the rectangular copper clad aluminum clad billet during rolling are studied, and the effects of technological parameters on the ratio of wide spreading to the thickness of copper layer are studied. The results show that the wide-area copper layer in the deformation zone is mainly in the direction of compressive stress in the depressing direction and mainly in the tensile direction in the rolling direction. Narrow copper layer in the deformation zone is mainly in the direction of compressive stress, but there is a local tensile stress zone, which is mainly in the state of tensile stress in the rolling direction. Narrow copper layer biaxial tensile stress is the main reason leading to the location of cracking. Among the rolling parameters studied, the single-pass relative reduction has the strongest influence on the rolling spread and the thickness ratio of copper layer. However, the larger roll diameter can not only get wider but also the copper Layer thickness ratio of the smaller, so the copper clad aluminum rod rolling billet, it is appropriate to adopt a larger roller diameter, and reasonable control of rolling pass reduction rate. Through experimental verification, numerical simulation accuracy can meet the engineering requirements.