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目的:了解中国城市更年期女性生存质量状况。方法:采取横断面调查,在全国8个城市1 714例41～60岁女性中进行方便抽样和问卷调查,调查包括一般资料、Kupperman Index(KI)和世界卫生组织生存质量量表简表(WHOQOL-BREF)。结果:KI平均为(18.16±8.57)分,其中KI≥15分1 183例,<15分531例。所有人群在WHOQOL-BREF生理、心理、社会、环境维度得分分别为12.46±1.48、12.50±1.53、14.56±2.02、13.23±1.95,在生理和心理领域较中国常模下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。中、重度程度的更年期综合征患者(KI≥15分)比轻度的更年期人群(KI<15分)生存质量下降,在WHOQOL-BREF 4个领域差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。已绝经女性较未绝经女性生存质量下降,在心理、社会和环境领域差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:更年期女性生存质量下降,绝经后较绝经前下降明显,且症状越重生存质量越差。
Objectives: To understand the quality of life of menopausal women in Chinese cities. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted to facilitate the sampling and questionnaire survey among 1,714 women aged 41 to 60 in 8 cities in China. The survey included general information, Kupperman Index (KI) and World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale (WHOQOL -BREF). Results: The average KI was (18.16 ± 8.57) points, with KI≥15 points and 1 183 cases, <15 points and 531 cases. The scores of WHOQOL-BREF in physiological, psychological, social and environmental dimensions were 12.46 ± 1.48, 12.50 ± 1.53, 14.56 ± 2.02 and 13.23 ± 1.95, respectively, which were lower than those in China in the physiological and psychological fields, with statistical significance ( P <0.01). The quality of life of patients with moderate and severe climacteric syndrome (KI≥15) was lower than that of mild menopause (KI <15), and there were significant differences among the four fields of WHOQOL-BREF (P <0.01). Compared with the non-menopausal women, the men’s quality of life of menopause women has decreased, and there is significant difference in the psychological, social and environmental fields (P <0.05). CONCLUSION: The quality of life of menopausal women is declining, which is significantly lower after menopause than before menopause. The worse the quality of life is, the worse the quality of life is.