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提出了一种通过亚临界流体辅助反应挤出制备木粉/聚丙烯(PP)复合材料的新型制备方法,其关键是在挤出过程中引入流体(乙醇和正丙醇),并使流体处于亚临界状态。同时,对木粉/PP复合材料进行了力学性能测试、FTIR和SEM观察。结果表明:在亚临界流体辅助反应挤出中,木粉发生了溶胀、液化等,有利于马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯渗入到木粉内部,其中酸酐基团与木粉中含有的大量羟基发生酯化反应增强,从而提高了木粉/PP复合材料的界面结合。在亚临界乙醇(190℃,(2.4±0.1)MPa,120r/min)作用下制备的木粉/PP复合材料的力学性能(拉伸强度、弯曲强度、弯曲模量和无缺口冲击强度)与无流体时制备的木粉/PP复合材料相比,其性能得到了一定的提高,它们分别达到了23.5 MPa、52.5 MPa、4.8GPa和5.9kJ·m~(-2)。
A new method for preparing wood flour / polypropylene (PP) composite by sub-critical fluid assisted reactive extrusion is proposed. The key point is to introduce fluid (ethanol and n-propanol) during extrusion and to make the fluid in Asia Critical state. At the same time, the mechanical properties of wood flour / PP composites were tested by FTIR and SEM. The results showed that the swelling and liquefaction of wood flour occurred in the subcritical fluid assisted reactive extrusion, which facilitated the penetration of maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene into the wood flour, in which the anhydride groups and the hydroxyl groups contained in the wood flour occurred The esterification reaction is enhanced, thus improving the interfacial bonding of wood flour / PP composites. The mechanical properties (tensile strength, flexural strength, flexural modulus and unnotched impact strength) of wood flour / PP composites prepared by subcritical ethanol (190 ℃, (2.4 ± 0.1) MPa, 120r / min) Compared with the wood flour / PP composites prepared without fluid, their properties have been improved to 23.5 MPa, 52.5 MPa, 4.8 GPa and 5.9 kJ · m -2, respectively.