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飞行器的变形方式可分为三大类:局部小变形、中等变形和大尺度变形。针对大尺度变形,提出了两种可变形概念:变前掠翼布局和可伸缩翼布局。通过数值方法计算分析了不同变形外形在不同马赫数下的升力、阻力和升阻特性,从中总结出适合于各个速度段的能够获得最大升阻比的最佳变形方式。结果表明:大尺度变形能够显著改变飞行器的升阻特性,使可变形飞行器能适应较广范围飞行条件的变化,因而在全飞行周期中比传统的固定外形飞行器具有更优的性能。
Deformation of the aircraft can be divided into three categories: small local deformation, medium deformation and large-scale deformation. For large-scale deformation, two deformable concepts are proposed: variable-front-swept-wing layout and retractable-wing layout. The lift, drag and lift-drag characteristics of different deformation profiles under different Mach numbers are calculated and analyzed by numerical method. From this, the best deformation modes that can get the maximum lift-drag ratio suitable for each speed segment are concluded. The results show that the large-scale deformation can significantly change the lift-drag characteristics of the aircraft and make the deformable aircraft adapt to the changes of a wide range of flight conditions. Therefore, it has better performance than the traditional fixed-profile aircraft during the full flight period.