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本文首先分析了相干光被粗糙表面散射时,其平均散射光强的空间分布与反射表面微观轮廓的统计参数的关系;进而讨论了弹性和塑性变形对金属表面轮廓统计参数影响的不同特征及与之相应的激光衍射谱的不同变化。据此,提出了一种根据衍射谱强度分布变化来测量塑性变形的方法。用实验对理论分析的结论进行了验证,并给出了一个用上述方法勾画变形物体塑性区形状及测量塑性变形程度的例子。实验表明,这种方法可以分辨不小于2×10~2με的塑性应变。
This paper first analyzes the relationship between the spatial distribution of the average scattered light intensity and the statistical parameters of the micro-profile of the reflecting surface when the coherent light is scattered by the rough surface. Then the different characteristics of the influence of the elastic and plastic deformation on the statistical parameters of the metal surface profile are discussed The corresponding changes in laser diffraction spectra. Accordingly, a method of measuring plastic deformation based on the change of diffraction spectrum intensity distribution is proposed. The experimental conclusions of the theoretical analysis are validated and an example of delineating the plastic zone shape and measuring the degree of plastic deformation by the above method is given. Experiments show that this method can distinguish between plastic strain of not less than 2 × 10 ~ 2με.