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为了消减冷浸型中低产田长期浸渍、泥温低、结构差、还原性物质毒害、有效养分低等障碍因子,通过田间小区试验和动态取样与室内测定,研究了不同栽培和灌溉方式对冷浸田障碍因子及水稻产量的影响。结果表明:与常规灌溉方式比较,起垄栽培结合湿润灌溉方式增加了晴朗天气条件下冷浸田土壤温度,土壤气相比例提高3倍,土壤液相比例减少20%,土壤活性还原物质含量降低了21.9%,土壤细菌数和微生物活性分别提高128.7%和3.8%,土壤排水通气性增强,还原性物质毒害减轻,土壤有效养分提升,为微生物活动创造了优良的条件,最终使早稻增产10.8%。起垄栽培结合湿润灌溉方式是适合于冷浸田早稻增产的农水管理措施。
In order to reduce long-term immersion in low-yielding and cold-paddy fields, low mud temperature, poor structure, poisoning of reducing substances and low barriers to effective nutrients, field cultivation and irrigation methods were used to study the effects of different cultivation and irrigation methods on cold Barrier Factors and Rice Yield. The results showed that, compared with the conventional irrigation methods, ridge cultivation and wetting irrigation increased soil temperature in the cold-immersed field under sunny weather conditions. The proportion of soil gas phase increased 3 times, the proportion of soil liquid phase decreased 20% and the content of soil active reducing substance decreased 21.9%, respectively. The number of bacteria and microbial activity in soil increased by 128.7% and 3.8% respectively. The soil drainage aeration was enhanced. The toxicity of reducing substances was alleviated and the available nutrients in soils were enhanced. This provided an excellent condition for microbial activities and eventually increased the yield of early rice by 10.8%. Ridge cultivation combined with wet irrigation is suitable for early rice paddy field cold water yield management measures.