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阳极氧化法不仅能够简便地制备出阀金属氧化物纳米管,而且通过调节各种参数可以调控所制备纳米管的形貌。阳极氧化法制备的纳米管具有优异的化学/物理性能,在众多领域都得到了广泛应用。本文综述了阳极氧化法制备纳米管膜的基本过程以及三种常见的模型,并以三种具有代表性的阀金属(Al、Ti、Zr)为例,分别介绍了它们形成多孔膜反应过程和常用的制备过程,同时也介绍了其他阀金属及其合金的制备方案。最后,结合对Al、Ti、Zr的实验过程,讨论、分析了电压大小、电解液种类、电解液浓度、反应时间等控制因素对阳极氧化法制备纳米管膜形貌的影响,对制备形貌规整的多孔膜,提高多孔膜在实际应用中的性能具有一定的意义。
Anodic oxidation can not only make valve metal oxide nanotubes easily, but also regulate the morphology of the prepared nanotubes by adjusting various parameters. Anodic oxidation of nanotubes with excellent chemical / physical properties, has been widely used in many fields. In this paper, the basic process and three common models for the preparation of nanotube films by anodic oxidation are reviewed. Three representative valve metals (Al, Ti, Zr) as examples are introduced, respectively. Common preparation process, but also introduced the preparation of valve metal and its alloys. Finally, the influence of control factors such as voltage, electrolyte type, electrolyte concentration and reaction time on the morphology of nanotube films prepared by anodic oxidation was discussed and analyzed based on the experiments of Al, Ti and Zr. Regularized porous membrane to improve the performance of porous membrane in practical applications of some significance.