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目的探讨脑电图(EEG)对新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病(HIE)早期诊断及预后判定的意义。方法对2008年2月至2010年1月84例HIE患儿进行EEG检查,异常者3个月时复查,并随访至2岁。结果首次EEG异常率为61.9%,轻度HIE患儿脑电图异常为率26.3%,中度HIE脑电图异常率为84.6%,重度异常率为100%。3个月时复查EEG总异常率降为26.3%,轻度HIE为5.2%,中度HIE为26.9%,重度HIE为75%。按复查EEG结果,脑电图正常及轻度异常共71例,发生后遗症2例,后遗症发生率2.8%,脑电图重度异常9例中,7例发生后遗症,发生率77.8%。结论脑电图异常率与HIE临床分度正相关,动态监测脑电图持续异常者后遗症发生率高。EEG可作为HIE早期诊断及预后判定的有效、无创、方便的检查手段。
Objective To explore the significance of electroencephalogram (EEG) in the early diagnosis and prognosis of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Methods Eighty - four HIE children underwent EEG from February 2008 to January 2010. The abnormalities were reviewed at 3 months and were followed up to 2 years old. Results The first EEG abnormality rate was 61.9%, EEG abnormality rate was 26.3% in mild HIE, moderate HIE EEG abnormality rate was 84.6% and severe abnormality rate was 100%. At 3 months, the overall rate of EEG reexamination dropped to 26.3%, mild HIE 5.2%, moderate HIE 26.9%, and severe HIE 75%. According to the results of EEG review, there were 71 cases of normal and mild EEG abnormalities, 2 cases of sequelae, 2.8% of sequelae, 7 cases of sequelae in 7 cases of severe electroencephalogram abnormality, the incidence rate was 77.8%. Conclusions The abnormal rate of EEG is positively correlated with the clinical index of HIE. The high incidence of sequelae after continuous monitoring of EEG abnormality. EEG can be used as an effective, noninvasive and convenient examination method for early diagnosis and prognosis of HIE.