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一、日本违宪审查制的性质本报告旨在考察日本违宪审查制的运用特征。除美国外,引入违宪审查制一般是在第二次世界大战以后的事情。日本也是在第二次世界大战后制定的日本国宪法中才采用了违宪审查制这一制度。《日本国宪法》第81条规定:“最高法院为有权决定一切法律、命令、规则以及处分是否符合宪法的终审法院。”宪法制定初期,就围绕第81条所规定的违宪审查制的性质产生过争论。争论的焦点是日本国宪法中制定的违宪审查制,是限于普通法院在解决具体案件时附带地进行违
I. The Nature of Japan’s Unconstitutional Review System The purpose of this report is to examine the characteristics of Japan’s constitutional review system. In addition to the United States, the introduction of unconstitutional censorship generally followed what happened after the Second World War. Japan also adopted the system of constitutional censorship in the Japanese constitution drafted after the Second World War. Article 81 of the Constitution of Japan states: “The Supreme Court is the Court of Final Appeal that has the power to decide whether all laws, orders, rules and sanctions are constitutional.” "In the early days of constitutional formulation, the constitutional review system The nature of the controversy. The focus of the debate is that the constitutional censorship system laid down in the Japanese Constitution is limited to the incidental violation by the ordinary courts in the settlement of specific cases