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官窑是我国宋代五大名窑之一,窑有南北之分。北宋末徽宗政和至宣和年间(公元1111—1125),在汴京(今河南开封),由官府设窑烧造青瓷,称北宋官窑。由于宋汴京城已深埋于今开封市地下5米到6米的深处,故至今尚未发现其遗址。南宋王朝迁都杭州后,在浙江杭州凤凰山下设窑,日修内司窑,也称“内窑”。后又在今杭州市南郊的乌龟山,别立新窑,即郊坛下官窑。这两窑统称南宋官窑。宋人顾文荐的《负暄杂录》及叶真的《坦斋笔衡》、清人王棠所著的《燕知阁知新录》等书均对二窑有记载。
Guanyao is one of the Five Famous Kilns in Song Dynasty in our country. At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, Huizong Zheng and Xuan He years (AD 1111-1125), in Beijing (now Kaifeng in Henan Province), the official set kiln burning celadon, said the Northern Song Dynasty kiln. As Song Jing capital has been buried in Kaifeng city underground 5 meters to 6 meters deep, it has yet to find its ruins. After the Southern Song dynasty moved to Hangzhou, it set up a kiln under the Phoenix Mountain in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, and repaired the inner kiln, also known as “inner kiln.” Later in the southern suburbs of Hangzhou Turtle Hill, do not set a new kiln, that is, under the altar kiln. The two kilns collectively known as the Southern Song Dynasty kiln. Song Gu Guosi’s “negative Xuanzaoxie” and Ye really “Tanzanian pen balance” by Qing Wang Tong’s “Yan Zhige know a new record” and other books are recorded on the second kiln.