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国家公园体制是中国生态文明建设的重要抓手,制定科学合理的资源分类标准和评价体系是国家公园功能区划、资源权属确立的基础技术手段和重要前提。国内外针对国家公园顶层设计的研究较多,而针对资源分类与评价的基础研究缺乏。文中梳理了国际权威的自然保护区和国家公园系统资源分类标准和评价要点,归纳了世界发达国家国家公园资源分类体系与评价方法的实践与经验,对比不同国家间的资源分类特征提出了中国国家公园资源分类体系构建的初步框架,以期为中国国家公园资源分类评价体系建设决策提供参考和国家公园建设提供工作思路。
The national park system is an important starting point for the construction of ecological civilization in China. To formulate a scientific and reasonable resource classification standard and evaluation system is the basic technical means and an important precondition for the establishment of national parks functional zoning and resource ownership. There are many researches on top-level design of national parks both at home and abroad, while the basic research on resource classification and evaluation is lacking. In this paper, the international authoritative nature reserves and national parks system resources classification criteria and evaluation points are summarized, and the practice and experience of the national classification system and evaluation method of national parks in developed countries are summarized. Compared with the classification of resources among different countries, Park resources classification system construction of the initial framework, with a view to China National Park resources classification and evaluation system to provide a reference for decision-making and national parks to provide work ideas.