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洋面上潜热与感热通量的输送,对全球气候的变化有重大影响。通量的计算可以采用湍流脉动仪器测量温度、湿度、风速的脉动,直接计算通量。此外,可以采用整体输送系数方法计算通量。前者对测量仪器的精度要求高,可以得到较为精细的结果,但观测中困难较大。而后者可以采用常规气象观测资料计算,有利于获取大量资料,因而是目前广为采用的方法。目前在各大洋上均有许多通量计算结果,许多学者用COADS资料进行分析计算,如Cayan分析了洋面上潜热与感热通量距平、海面温度变化及其与环流变化之间关系。邵庆秋等分析了感热与潜热通量与E1 Nio现象之间的关系等。在赤道西太平洋的TOGA中美合作试验中,以及黑潮海域,吕乃平、周明煜也作过通量计算。由于观测等各方面的困难,目前在近南极洲海域的通量研究甚少。
The transfer of latent heat and sensible heat flux over the ocean surface has a significant impact on the global climate change. Calculation of Flux The turbulent pulsation instrument can be used to measure the temperature, humidity and pulsation of the wind speed to directly calculate the flux. In addition, the overall delivery factor method can be used to calculate the flux. The former has high requirements on the accuracy of measuring instruments and can obtain more elaborate results, but it is more difficult to observe. The latter can be calculated using conventional meteorological observations, which is conducive to obtaining a large amount of data and is thus widely used. At present, there are many flux calculations on all oceans. Many scholars use COADS data to analyze and calculate. For example, Cayan analyzes the relationship between latent heat and sensible heat flux on the ocean surface, sea surface temperature and its relationship with the circulation changes. Shao Qingqiu analyzed the relationship between sensible heat and latent heat flux and E1 Nio phenomenon. In the TOGA Sino-U.S. Cooperation test in the western equatorial Pacific Ocean and in the Kuroshio area, Lu Naiping and Zhou Mingyu also conducted flux calculations. Due to the difficulties in observation and other fields, there is little research on flux in the near Antarctic Ocean.