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作者研究了庆大霉素对尿中大肠杆菌和绿脓杆菌的抗菌效果,发现尿对该药的抗菌活性有很大的抑制作用。在尿液中二种细菌的平均最小抑菌浓度(MIC)和最小杀菌浓度(MBC)较在液体培养基中高30～40倍,个别细菌达80倍。体外试验证明,这种抑制作用取决于尿液酸度、总渗透压以及各种溶质的存在。将液体培养基酸化时抗菌作用呈比例下降。在液体培养基中加入尿素和肌酐,庆大霉素对6株大肠杆菌的杀灭作用不变,且可使对绿脓杆菌的平均MBC降低。在上述混合液中加入氯化钠则可取消这种杀菌作用,再加入任何尿内溶质,均使MBC明显增加,其中以氯化钙最大,磷酸二氢钠和硫酸钠次之,氯化镁抑制作用较弱。
The author studied the antibacterial effect of gentamicin on urinary Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and found that urinary antibacterial activity of the drug has a great inhibitory effect. The average minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the two bacteria in urine were 30-40 fold higher than those in liquid medium and 80 fold for individual bacteria. In vitro tests show that this inhibitory effect depends on urine acidity, total osmotic pressure and the presence of various solutes. Antibacterial effect of liquid medium acidification decreased proportionally. Urea and creatinine were added to the liquid medium, and the killing effect of gentamicin on the six strains of Escherichia coli was unchanged, and the average MBC against Pseudomonas aeruginosa was reduced. The addition of sodium chloride in the above mixture can cancel this bactericidal effect, then add any urinary solutes, MBC were significantly increased, of which the largest calcium chloride, followed by sodium dihydrogen phosphate and sodium sulfate, magnesium chloride inhibition Weaker.