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目的定量评价小学生血吸虫病防治知识、态度和行为(KAP)健康教育的干预效果。方法设计血防健康教育KAP问卷,于2010年6月对南昌市五星农场3所小学(梅池小学、鲤鱼洲小学和中心小学)三、四年级学生进行基线调查,选择中心小学(84人)作为实验组,其他2所学校(62人)为对照组。2010年9月~2011年10月对实验组开展了血防健康教育干预活动(知识讲座、信息传播和强化教育等),最后对实验组进行了KAP终期干预效果问卷检查。采用KAP综合评价方法计算干预前、后的实验组和对照组的KAP得分,定量评价干预效果。结果实验组教育干预后血防KAP得分9.36分,高于干预前的8.40分(t=2.994 4,P<0.01)和对照组的8.53分(t=5.335 5,P<0.01)。其中,血防知识由干预前的6.16分提高到8.12分(t=5.716 8,P<0.01),血防态度由干预前的9.10分提高到9.86分(t=3.276 4,P<0.01),血防行为由干预前的8.67分提高到9.45分(t=2.485 4,P<0.05)。与实验组相比,对照组干预后的血防知识(6.34,t=3.517 5,P<0.01)、态度(9.43,t=2.311 9,P<0.05)]得分较低,但血防行为差异不明显(从9.57提高到9.65)。30个调查指标中有26个指标实验组干预后得分高于对照组和干预前。结论五星农场中心小学血防健康教育干预效果较好。
Objective To quantitatively evaluate the intervention effect of KAP health education on schistosomiasis prevention and control among pupils. Methods To design a KAP questionnaire on blood-health education, a baseline survey was conducted on the third and fourth graders of three primary schools (Mei-Chi Primary School, Lei Yue Chau Primary School and Central Primary School) of Five-Star Farm in Nanchang in June 2010 as the primary school (84 persons) The experimental group, the other two schools (62) as the control group. From September 2010 to October 2011, we conducted blood-borne health education intervention (knowledge lectures, information dissemination and intensive education, etc.) for the experimental group. Finally, we conducted a questionnaire examining the effectiveness of the KAP final intervention in the experimental group. KAP comprehensive evaluation method was used to calculate the KAP scores of experimental group and control group before and after intervention, and the effect of intervention was quantitatively evaluated. Results In the experimental group, the KAP score of blood-protection was 9.36 after education intervention, which was higher than 8.40 before intervention (t = 2.994 4, P <0.01) and 8.53 in control group (t = 5.335 5, P <0.01). The knowledge about blood-stasis prevention increased from 6.16 points before intervention to 8.12 points (t = 5.7168, P <0.01), and the blood-prevention attitude increased from 9.10 points before intervention to 9.86 points (t = 3.276 4, P <0.01) From 8.67 before intervention to 9.45 (t = 2.485 4, P <0.05). Compared with the experimental group, the control group had a lower score of blood-borne knowledge (6.34, t = 3.517 5, P <0.01) and attitude (9.43, t = 2.311 9, P <0.05) (From 9.57 to 9.65). Twenty-six of the 30 surveyed indicators were higher in the experimental group than in the control group and before the intervention. Conclusion Five-star farm center primary prevention of blood health education intervention effect is better.