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从低碳炼铁的角度研究高炉采取的各种操作制度的合理性非常必要。用Rist模型和风口耗氧量来评估增加渣量、提高炉腹煤气量、高富氧高湿度、低硅冶炼等操作制度。研究了增加渣量不仅要增加炉渣的熔化热,而且由于风口耗氧量的增加,将提高直接还原度,提高燃料比。高富氧高湿度冶炼,由于水分解需要消耗碳素,同时附加了热量消耗,使风口耗氧量增加;唯有改善炉身效率,增加间接还原,充分利用炉内煤气热能和化学能,才能补偿风口耗氧量引起的负面影响。目前中国高炉的炉身效率普遍偏低,而低硅冶炼应在提高煤气利用率与低燃料比的基础上进行才能发挥效果。由此提出在种种操作制度下需要关注的方面,供操作者参考。
From the perspective of low-carbon iron blast furnace to take a variety of operating system is reasonable. Rist model and the outlet oxygen consumption to assess the increase in the amount of slag to improve the amount of gas in the belly, high oxygen-rich high humidity, low silicon smelting and other operating systems. It is studied that increasing the amount of slag not only increases the heat of fusion of the slag, but also increases the direct reduction degree and the fuel ratio due to the increased oxygen consumption at the tuyere. High-oxygen-rich high-humidity smelting, due to water consumption need to consume carbon, while the additional heat consumption, the tuyere oxygen consumption increased; only to improve the efficiency of the furnace to increase indirect reduction, full use of furnace gas thermal energy and chemical energy, to compensate Vents oxygen consumption caused by the negative impact. At present, the blast furnace shaft efficiency in China is generally low, and low silicon smelting should be based on improving gas utilization and low fuel ratio to be effective. Therefore put forward in the various operating systems need to pay attention to the aspects for the operator reference.