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农作物获得較高的生物学产量以后,常因收获方法的不当,以致自然的、机械的和生物学的損失加剧,而实际产量不高。目前我国許多农場、公社,在谷物收获工作中,往往由于收割失时而發生穗發芽、霉坏、掉头、落粒、脫粒不淨以及品質劣变等現象,損失严重,有的高达百分之十到二十左右。本文試就我国收获机具尚未定型的現阶段,根据各不同地区的谷物种类、自然条件、社会經济基础、农作制度、谷物成熟的生物学过程和技术水平等,来确定相适应的收获方法,以期作好收获机具的选型配套工作,达到确保丰收的目的。
Naturally, mechanical and biological losses are aggravated by the improper harvesting of crops after their biological yield is high, but actual yields are not high. At present, many farms and communes in our country often suffer serious losses due to ear sprouting, mildew, turn-around, drop-grain, threshing, and deterioration of quality due to the harvesting failure in harvesting cereals. Some of them are as high as a few percent About ten to twenty. This paper tries to determine the appropriate harvesting methods based on the biological processes and technical level of cereal species, natural conditions, socio-economic basis, farming system, grain maturity in different regions at the present stage of the harvesting machine is not yet finalized, In order to make a good selection of harvesting equipment matching work to achieve the purpose of ensuring good harvest.