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近代以来,西方文学与文化作为全球化进程的组成部分,其活跃程度与日俱增,而如何面对这一状况却尚未解决。这一问题,就其承载者而言,无疑有着可喜的一面,而对其受施者来说又有其创伤的一面,这就使得全球化要么作为西方强权自上而下地强制实施的一项策略性工程,要么促成生长于底层的属地自发地联合起来。第一种殖民性的全球化模式以自内而外的联结方式导致各个属地之间的断裂,而后殖民全球化模式则将各个属地联结起来以改变被强加在头上的全球格局。我在拙作《追寻全球民主:文学、理论、创伤政治》一书中已就第一种模式的相关问题进行了探讨,所以本文聚焦于上述第二种模式,这一模式强调文学作品不可缺省的差异性以抵制第一种模式所强调的受市场驱动的共同特征。本文认为第二种模式源于创伤研究与记忆研究交汇之处的跨学科领域,随着艾米丽·阿普特在其《反对世界文学》一书中宣扬“不可互译的”诸多世界文学所具有的丰富性而达到顶峰。本文经过批判性审视,发现这一模式脱离了文学的非归属性,正如第一种模式不假思索地脱离了文学的归属性一样,因而本文提出了一种替代模式,这一模式脱离“创伤群集”而成为一个兼具归属性和非归属性的文学作品的诞生地。
Since the modern times, Western literature and culture have become increasingly active as part of the globalization process. However, how to deal with this situation has not yet been solved. This issue undoubtedly has a welcome aspect to its bearer and a traumatic side to its beneficiaries, making globalization either a top-down compulsion as a Western power Strategic engineering, either to promote the growth of the underlying gentry spontaneously unite. The first colonial model of globalization led to a breakdown between the various territories by means of a connection from the inside to the outside. The model of post-colonial globalization then linked the various territories to change the global pattern that was imposed on them. In my essay “Searching for Global Democracy: Literature, Theory, Trauma Politics”, I have discussed the first model, so this article focuses on the second model mentioned above, which emphasizes that literature can not be omitted The difference is to resist the common market-driven trait that the first model emphasizes. This paper argues that the second model stems from the interdisciplinary field at the intersection of traumatic research and memory research, with Emily A. Allth as “non-translatable” in his book “Against World Literature.” The richness of world literature culminated. After a critical examination of this paper, we find that this model has departed from the non-attribution of literature. Just as the first model undoubtedly departed from the attribution of literature, an alternative model was proposed in this paper, which departs from the “trauma cluster ”And become a both attribution and non-attribution of the birthplace of literary works.