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目的:优选海通叶挥发油的提取工艺并分析其化学成分,为该药材的资源开发提供参考。方法:在单因素试验基础上,采用正交试验考察加水量、浸泡时间、蒸馏时间和超声时间对提取工艺的影响。利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪分析海通叶挥发油的成分,通过峰面积归一化法测定各成分的相对质量分数。结果:最佳提取工艺为加12倍量水浸泡12 h,蒸馏提取10 h,超声80 min,挥发油得率0.332%。共分离出59化合物,鉴定了其中53个化学成分,占总挥发油的95.14%。相对质量分数>5%的化学成分有1-辛烯-3-醇(19.020%),芳樟醇(12.981%),植醇(11.768%),己烯醛(9.911%)及α-蒎烯(6.681%)。结论:优选的海通叶挥发油提取工艺稳定合理,挥发油的提取效率较高。海通叶挥发油主要化学成分为脂肪烃类和萜类及其衍生物。
Objective: To optimize the extraction process of volatile oil from Haitong leaf and analyze the chemical composition of the essential oil, and provide a reference for the resource development of this herb. Methods: On the basis of single factor experiment, orthogonal experiment was used to investigate the effects of water addition, soaking time, distillation time and ultrasonic time on the extraction process. The composition of volatile oil from Haitong leaf was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The relative mass fraction of each component was determined by peak area normalization. Results: The best extraction process was adding 12 times the amount of water soak 12 h, distillation 10 h, ultrasonic 80 min, volatile oil yield 0.332%. A total of 59 compounds were isolated and 53 chemical constituents were identified, accounting for 95.14% of the total volatile oil. The chemical components with the relative mass fraction> 5% were 1-octen-3-ol (19.020%), linalool (12.981%), phytol (11.768%), hexenal (9.911%) and α-pinene (6.681%). Conclusion: The optimal extraction technology of volatile oil from Haitong is stable and reasonable, and the extraction efficiency of volatile oil is high. Haitong leaf volatile oil main chemical components of aliphatic hydrocarbons and terpenes and their derivatives.