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目的分析1951—2012年烟台市自然疫源及虫媒传染病病种变迁及发病趋势,为疫情防控提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法,对1951—2012年烟台市自然疫源及虫媒传染病疫情数据进行分析。结果烟台市62年间共报告法定自然疫源及虫媒传染病11种共203 232例,年平均发病率为43.93/10万。死亡3 759例,年平均死亡率为0.81/10万,年平均病死率为1.85%。该类传染病平均发病总体呈现递减趋势。从病种变迁看,50~80年代以流行性乙型脑炎(乙脑)、疟疾为主,90年代以来以流行性出血热为主。近年来动物源性传染病疫情呈明显上升趋势。从占法定传染病的构成看,发病构成比呈现下降趋势,死亡构成比呈现上升趋势。结论烟台市自然疫源及虫媒传染病防控取得显著成效,但目前疫情呈现出新的特点,防控形势依然严峻,应制定并完善相关防控对策,加强监测,广泛宣传,部门配合,进一步提高疫情防控水平。
Objective To analyze the change and trend of the natural epidemic and insect-borne diseases in Yantai from 1951 to 2012, and provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of the epidemic. Methods Epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemic data of natural epidemic and zoonotic diseases in Yantai from 1951 to 2012. Results Yantai reported a total of 203 232 cases of statutory natural foci and insect-borne diseases over the past 62 years, with an average annual incidence of 43.93 / 100,000. 3 759 deaths, with an average annual mortality rate of 0.81 / 100,000 and an average annual mortality rate of 1.85%. The average incidence of such diseases showed a decreasing trend. From the changes in the disease, 50 to 80 years of Japanese encephalitis (JE), malaria-based, since the 90’s epidemic hemorrhagic fever-based. In recent years, the epidemic situation of zoonosis shows a clear upward trend. From the constitution of the legal infectious diseases, the morbidity ratio shows a downward trend and the proportion of death presents an upward trend. Conclusion The prevention and control of natural foci and insect-borne diseases have achieved remarkable results in Yantai City. However, the current epidemic presents new features and the situation of prevention and control is still grim. Relevant prevention and control measures should be formulated and improved to strengthen monitoring, extensive publicity, To further improve the level of prevention and control of epidemic.